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Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of the ACE Basin

Salamanders	Order = Urodela The names Caudata and Urodela have been used interchangeably for the extant salamanders; Caudata includes fossil salamanders whereas Urodela only refers to the extant species.
Some characteristics of Salamanders: Salamanders can range in size from 30mm adult size to nearly 2m (6 ft.). Most species are terrestrial as adults. About 415 species of salamanders have been described; most of them occur in the Americas. Most species are terrestrial as adults but are confined to water for breeding. Salamanders have a primitive hearing apparatus and they do not produce sounds. Literature: Larson, A. and W.W. Dimmick. 1993. Phylogenetic relationships of the salamander families: an analysis of the congruence among morphological and molecular characters. Herpetological Monographs 7:77-93. Some additional links on salamanders: South Carolina Reptiles and Amphibians Amphibians and Reptiles of the Savannah River Site AmphibiaWeb Amphibian Species of the World Species in blue font were observed in the ACE Basin during a herpetofauna survey in 2002- species in red font are presumed to occur there based on their overall range!
Families	Common Names	Scientific Names
Ambystomatidae	Flatwoods Salamander **	*Ambystoma cingulatum*
	Mabee's Salamander	*Ambystoma mabeei*
	Spotted Salamander	*Ambystoma maculatum*
	Marbled Salamander	*Ambystoma opacum*
	Mole Salamander	*Ambystoma talpoideum*
	Tiger Salamander ++	*Ambystoma tigrinum*
Amphiumidae	Two-toed Amphiuma	*Amphiuma means*
Plethodontidae	Southern Dusky Salamander	*Desmognathus auriculatus*
	Southern Two-lined Salamander	*Eurycea cirrigea*
	Three-lined Salamander	*Eurycea guttolineata*
	Dwarf Salamander	*Eurycea quadridigitata*
	South Carolina Slimy Salamander	*Plethodon variolatus*
	Mud Salamander	*Pseudotriton montanus*
	Many-lined Salamander	*Stereochilus marginatus*
Proteidae	Dwarf Waterdog	*Necturus punctatus*
Salamandridae	Eastern Newt	*Diemictylus* *viridescens*
Sirenidae	Dwarf Siren ^^	*Pseudobranchus striatus*
	Lesser Siren	*Siren intermedia*
	Greater Siren	*Siren lacertina*

** = federally threatened; endangered in SC
++ = of concern in SC
^^ = threatened in SC

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